外泌体研究进展及其存在的局限

人们当前对包括外泌体在内的胞外囊泡生理学、多样性、内化和分子货物运送的了解仍然非常有限，因而无法准确地针对胞外囊泡如何与受者细胞相互作用并对它们进行修饰的机制得出结论。为了让胞外囊泡领域取得进展，有必要以综合的方式进行研究，包括分子、细胞和功能表征，从而尽可能地比较一种给定实验系统中的不同胞外囊泡亚型。这些方法对于确定哪些分子或机制对某些胞外囊泡亚型是特异性的，哪些是适用于所有胞外囊泡亚型的至关重要。（100医药网 100yiyao.com）

参考文献：

1.G Raposo et al. B lymphocytes secrete antigen-presenting vesicles. J Exp Med, 1996, doi:10.1084/jem.183.3.1161.

2.Laurence Zitvogel et al. Eradication of established murine tumors using a novel cell-free vaccine: dendritic cell derived exosomes. Nature Medicine, 1998, doi:10.1038/nm0598-594.

3.Hadi Valadi et al. Exosome-mediated transfer of mRNAs and microRNAs is a novel mechanism of genetic exchange between cells. Nature Cell Biology, 2007, doi:10.1038/ncb1596.

4.Carolina de la Torre Gomez et al. “Exosomics”—A Review of Biophysics, Biology and Biochemistry of Exosomes With a Focus on Human Breast Milk. Frontiers in Genetics, 2018, doi:10.3389/fgene.2018.00092.

5.Mauro Poggio et al. Suppression of Exosomal PD-L1 Induces Systemic Anti-tumor Immunity and Memory. Cell, 2019, doi:10.1016/j.cell.2019.02.016.

6.Kristopher R. Genschmer et al. Activated PMN Exosomes: Pathogenic Entities Causing Matrix Destruction and Disease in the Lung, Cell (2019). DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.12.002.

7.Stephen E. Flaherty III et al. A lipase-independent pathway of lipid release and immune modulation by adipocytes. Science, 2019, doi:10.1126/science.aaw2586.

8.Dennis K. Jeppesen et al. Reassessment of Exosome Composition, Cell (2019). DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.02.029.

9.Mathilde Mathieu et al. Specificities of secretion and uptake of exosomes and other extracellular vesicles for cell-to-cell communication. Nature Cell Biology, 2019, doi:10.1038/s41556-018-0250-9.

10.Van Niel et al. Shedding light on the cell biology of extracellular vesicles. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 2018, doi:10.1038/nrm.2017.125.

11. Exosome Explosion

https://www.the-scientist.com/features/exosome-explosion-42253